Px Pulse

In this episode of PxPulse:The Advocacy Chonicles, Atuswege Mwangomale goes deep on the advocacy work behind the passage of Tanzania’s Universal Healthcare Law. Atu serves as Head of Health Programs for Sikika, a Tanzania-based advocacy organization with a long track record of promoting best practices in governmental financing in the health sector, and advocating for improved health outcomes. Sikika, along with AVAC, is also a member of the COMPASS coalition, which uses data and coalitions across Africa to identify strategic campaigns to advance the HIV response.  Sikika’s advocacy has been crucial to the ultimate passage of Tanzania’s Universal Health Insurance Bill in 2023, but full funding must still be secured for the law to achieve full impact.   Atu explains the promise of UHC in Tanzania, how Sikika won the trust of government allies, and why working in coalition was essential to success.

In the days and years ahead under a Trump Administration, advocacy for choice, freedom, science, and rights will require deep strategic shifts to protect hard-fought gains in global health generally, and to safeguard policies and programs that advance it. And there will be major implications for the global AIDS response. Joining us to navigate all this and to better understand the landscape for advocacy are Jen Kates from KFF, a nonpartisan health policy research organization, and our own Suraj Madoori.     

In this episode of the Advocacy Chronicles, we put the spotlight on the US, on the dismal statistics on access to PrEP in Black communities, on the state of HIV prevention among Black Americans overall, and the work of one advocacy group—PrEP in Black America (PIBA). Danielle Campbell is one of the founders of PIBA and a long-time advocate for HIV prevention and health equity. She joins the Advocacy Chronicles to talk about PIBA’s call to action for an HIV research agenda that prioritizes the needs of Black communities.

The promise of long-acting PrEP has been super-charged this year by studies showing the powerful efficacy of an antiretroviral known as lenacapavir (LEN).  This episode of PxPulse goes deep on LEN for PrEP. Recorded just days before Gilead’s announcement that PURPOSE 2 also found very high efficacy, Dr. Flavia Kiweewa, a principal investigator of PURPOSE 1, the first trial to announce efficacy, lays out the research findings and what they mean. And Chilufya Kasanda Hampongo of Zambia’s Treatment Advocacy and Literacy Campaign and Mitchell Warren of AVAC talk about how to change a long history of squandered opportunities to get rollout right.  The PURPOSE1 trials announced findings in June that a twice-yearly injection of LEN was 100% effective among cisgender women, with zero new cases of HIV. And the PURPOSE 2 trial among cisgender men, and trans and non-binary people, was shown to reduce the risk of HIV by 96%.  LEN now enters a select category, one of five ARV-based options for PrEP that all protect aga

On this episode of PxPulse:The Advocacy Chronicles, Mandisa Tyadi Dukashe, Treatment Technical Lead at the South African National AIDS Council (SANAC) describes her work in helping to inspire and launch a National U=U Campaign in South Africa in 2024.  

On this episode of the Advocacy Chronicles:  A look at advocacy in Uganda for the Dual Prevention Pill (DPP), a new product combining oral PrEP and oral contraception. Ruth Akulu is a member of the DPP Civil Society Advisory Group, part of the Uganda Country Coordinating Mechanism Board for Global Fund,  and a 2022 AVAC Advocacy Fellow. Akulu talks about her work to mobilize regulatory authorities to prepare for the DPP. And while she was at it, the establishment of a groundbreaking new initiative, the Product Regulator’s Engagement Committee, which is supporting ongoing engagement between government regulators and young women representing their communities.  To support your advocacy for the DPP and other multipurpose prevention technologies check out AVAC's Advocates' Guide on MPTs  https://avac.org/resource/advocates-guide-to-multipurpose-prevention-technologies-mpts/ ]

In this episode,  Nsubuga Allan Mwasa a Ugandan activist, a clinical psychologist,  and a representative of Sexual Minorities Uganda, or SMUG, an organization that has been at the forefront of the fight for LGBTQ rights, talks about how advocates are organizing to survive and challenge Uganda's Anti-Homosexuality Act (AHA), passed one year ago.  A donation to SMUG supports the work of the Strategic Response Team documenting civil rights violations and intensifying persecution of LGBTQI+ Ugandans. Funds have reached a critical low,  click here to donate to SMUG.    SMUG is part of Convening For Equality CFE, a coalition of civil society groups dedicated to challenging Uganda's AHA and other legislation that discriminates against LGBTQI+ individuals. The law has significantly increased discrimination and violence against the LGBTQI+ community, despite widespread international condemnation and ongoing legal challenges. A new report by the CFE's Strategic Response Team (SRT), UNWANTED, OUTLAWED AND ILLEGAL: THE

It’s considered one of the most important and most difficult scientific enterprises in the history of modern medicine—the hunt for an HIV vaccine.  It has led to vast knowledge of HIV and the immune system, and to breakthrough technology. But developing an effective HIV vaccine is still out of reach, while HIV incidence remains high in hard-hit places in the world. In this episode, Nina Russell of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation talks about where she sees promise in the science, the goals for an HIV vaccine, and why it has an essential role to play alongside the scale-up of PrEP. Go to https://avac.org/resource/an-hiv-vaccine/

Our debut episode of the Advocacy Chronicles features Yvette Raphael, the Executive Director of Advocacy for Prevention of HIV and AIDS (APHA) in South Africa, and a leader in the development of The Choice Manifesto, supported from start to finish by CASPR. As co-chair of the African Women Prevention Community Accountability Board (AWPCAB), Yvette and other board members launched the manifesto in Kampala, in September 2023, calling for choice in HIV prevention options for women — such as oral and injectable cabotegravir for PrEP, the dapivirine vaginal ring and the Dual Prevention Pill — and a commitment to expanding access to them. A call heard by UNAIDS Executive Director Winnie Byanyima, who was on hand at the launch to endorse the manifesto.   Yvette, who is also a 2014 AVAC Advocacy Fellow and celebrated as one of South Africa’s leading human rights activists, lays out why The Choice Manifesto matters and how advocates are leveraging it. 

In this episode of PxPulse, we talk about why and how the decisions that shape global health must be made by those facing the greatest risks. As the world evaluates the pandemic response and debates on decolonizing global health gain momentum, equity in global health has never been more urgent.  This conversation features global health leader and critic, Dr. Madhukar Pai. And two members of the transnational coalition COMPASS Africa, Francis Luwole and Barbra Ncube, offer an up-close look at the coalition’s pioneering new model for power-sharing. Get more details and resources at https://avac.org/resource/decolonizing-global-health/

People who are pregnant or lactating (PLP) have historically been excluded from research because of concerns for the developing fetus. But this has led to a dearth of data on new interventions against health threats for this population. In the case of HIV, pregnancy raises the risk of acquiring HIV by up to three times, but providers often do not have the data to know whether a new intervention is safe or how it will work for pregnant patients. As a result, PLP and their physicians are left to make difficult decisions around the use of proven HIV prevention products as they await more data specific to pregnancy and lactation.  But change is in the air. Champions for the inclusion of PLP in research are paving the way for a paradigm shift— one that will redefine this population from needing protection from research to being better protected through research. In this episode of Px Pulse, AVAC’s Manju Chatani-Gada takes us through conversations with a trial participant who became pregnant, researchers, policy-m

2023 is a big year for PEPFAR. PEPFAR’s considered one of the greatest US foreign policy and global development achievements of the century; the program has saved upwards of 25 million lives since it launched in 2003. But PEPFAR is marking its 20th anniversary while fighting for its future. Its authorization expires Sept. 30th. Until a couple of months ago, most expected smooth sailing for a five-year reauthorization of the program, which has enjoyed deep and broad bipartisan support since its founding. Evangelical Christians, staunch conservatives, DC Democrats, progressive HIV activists, and public health leaders have championed PEPFAR year in and year out. But a handful of Republicans, including past PEPFAR allies, are pulling reauthorization into American abortion politics— despite US laws on the books that prohibit PEPFAR dollars from funding abortions. Supporters across the political spectrum, including many Christian conservatives, are now rallying to ensure this uniquely effective program continues.

With several large HIV vaccine trials in the last few years finding no efficacy, the field is in transition. There are diverse ideas in vaccine research, but there's no clear concept that's ready to test in a late-phase trial or move toward product development currently. Researchers are back to testing new ideas in early-phase research. In this episode of our Px Pulse podcast, Dr. Katy Stephenson explores the implications of recent trial results, the big questions driving next-generation vaccine development, and new strategies underway in early-phase research. Katy is a doctor, a researcher, a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, affiliated with Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and part of the Center for Virology and Vaccine Research.

In March 2023, the Ugandan Parliament moved forward broad-reaching legislation to further criminalize LGBTQIA+ people.  The bill would make it a crime to even identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or queer, with sentences up to life imprisonment. It gives authorities wide powers to crackdown on anyone who does not report on same-sex couples or who promote gay rights, including prohibitions on media coverage. And the law could impose death sentences in some cases, including for the transmission of HIV. Uganda’s President Museveni has the power to stop the bill. But so far he is issuing statements for other African countries to follow Uganda down this path. Anti-gay hate laws and actions by authorities are sweeping across the region with recent crackdowns in Ghana, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Zambia. After the news broke from Uganda, AVAC and partners came together for a call with advocates in Uganda. They are fierce and imperiled voices who are readying to fight for LGBTQIA+ people in Uganda, but

Over the coming months, global leaders will make key decisions about several initiatives to prepare for the next pandemic. What they commit to and how much they will spend, and how well these plans incorporate equity as a principle across all of these initiatives, is in question. Deadlines for civil society to influence these decisions are coming up. There's a Pandemic Fund, a Pandemic Accord, several UN High-Level Meetings, and a Medical Countermeasures, or MCM, platform, which would coordinate country commitments around drugs, vaccines, diagnostics and other equipment for health emergencies.  In our last podcast, we spoke with Chris Collins, President of Friends of the Global Fight Against AIDS, TB and Malaria about all these efforts. He talked about how ultimately these decisions  will build a new architecture for Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness, and Response, or PPPR.  Chris highlighted what the world learned from COVID 19 and from HIV. We were reminded that so many of the successes from 40 years of

Health leaders and advocates around the world are in the midst of creating a new architecture to deal with pandemics. This means new structures, systems and financing for pandemic prevention, preparedness and response — PPPR, for short. A lot is being discussed, and a lot more is riding on the decisions. Chris Collins, the CEO and President at Friends of the Global Fight Against AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and an AVAC co-founder, has been tracking this work. He’s warned of the risk of multiple, siloed systems for global health, and was a co-author of the recent PLOS Global Public Health article, Leveraging the HIV response to strengthen pandemic preparedness, which describes many parts of the HIV response that have been, and must continue to be, central to a bolder vision for this new architecture and for global health at large.   In this episode of Px Pulse, Jeanne Baron talks to Chris about what’s at stake, which policy-makers get it already, why this year matters so much, and what advocates can do abou

With all the talk about new HIV prevention products such as the dapivirine vaginal ring or injectable cabotegravir for PrEP, what’s little understood is how to match proven products with programs, policies and the political will that's needed to get these products to the people who need them. PEPFAR Ambassador Dr. John Nkengasong shares his plan for meeting the moment. Also in this episode, seasoned advocates take on what's working and what's missing in programs today, and the expanding role of civil society in global strategies to end AIDS by 2030. 

In this episode, AVAC’s Jeanne Baron and co-host immunologist Katharine Kripke of AVENIR Health explore why developing a vaccine for HIV is different from other viruses.  Two vaccine researchers, Caltech’s Pamela Bjorkman and IAVI’s Vincent Kioi, lend their expertise.  Learn how HIV has evolved like no other virus that exists today to escape detection by the immune system. Learn why the right target on HIV is so hard to reach and how scientists are tackling it all.

 Linda-Gail Bekker from South Africa’s Desmond Tutu Health Foundation and Lillian Mworeko from the International Community of Women Living with HIV East Africa (ICWEA) join host Jeanne Baron and AVAC’s Executive Director Mitchell Warren to discuss innovative models for scale-up and delivery. Taking the right steps now could mean HIV prevention options fulfill their life-saving, epidemic-ending potential. It will require working faster and more efficiently than ever before. We dive into what lessons the field has learned, what’s still off-track, and the steps advocates, policy-makers, drug makers and funders should each take right now to turn efficacious options into effective choices.

Endpoints are a crucial component in every clinical trial but they are not always well understood, and putting them in context is essential for effective advocacy.  This next installment of the Px Pulse series, Research Fundamentals, which explores key scientific concepts, lays out what endpoints are and why they matter.